tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.comments2024-03-04T05:48:31.080+01:00The Genealogical World of Phylogenetic NetworksUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger416125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-61694238542818650032022-11-13T13:46:14.026+01:002022-11-13T13:46:14.026+01:00
Hi from Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
Excellent work,...<br />Hi from Bahía Blanca, Argentina. <br />Excellent work, including this article in the references of my new book.<br />Thank you for posting it. <br />Leandronoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-45411608218827990442021-06-03T19:35:08.024+02:002021-06-03T19:35:08.024+02:00Thank you a very good tutorial, but i still unable...Thank you a very good tutorial, but i still unable to export any image to another format. Any help?Unknownhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/10539005256257037604noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-60886897220008720492021-03-29T13:33:14.173+02:002021-03-29T13:33:14.173+02:00Interesting!Interesting!Switchhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/00989116546377717083noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-47718351905161249612021-03-26T04:57:13.071+01:002021-03-26T04:57:13.071+01:00Hello, How can I interpret my haplotype network us...Hello, How can I interpret my haplotype network using haplogroup,shapeayodeleoguntuasehttps://www.blogger.com/profile/04185775037325613419noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-76107451013399217442021-01-06T19:30:08.428+01:002021-01-06T19:30:08.428+01:00Interesting! I would have thought in terms of chem...Interesting! I would have thought in terms of chemical composition, allspice would have clustered much more tightly with clove than with star anise.Peter G Wernerhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/07922760618535667259noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-84243930812135713682020-11-07T10:30:08.738+01:002020-11-07T10:30:08.738+01:00Yes, it would be possible to move the site to anot...Yes, it would be possible to move the site to another blogging platform. However, at the moment we have decided to not make that effort. Any comments that you wish to add to posts will, of course, be appreciated.David Morrisonhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05469392205239443608noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-40524282993036416512020-11-07T10:28:50.147+01:002020-11-07T10:28:50.147+01:00Thanks for your kind words. We do not exclude the ...Thanks for your kind words. We do not exclude the possibility of future posts.David Morrisonhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05469392205239443608noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-43350910835336042512020-11-02T05:01:38.688+01:002020-11-02T05:01:38.688+01:00Wow, that's amazingly assholish of Google.
Bu...Wow, that's amazingly assholish of Google.<br /><br />But you can just transfer your whole blog, comments and all, to WordPress. At least that was possible 10 years ago; I know a blog that did that. WordPress has a bunch of advantages like allowing the blockquote tag in comments.<br /><br />(I still owe you all a bunch of comments, some of them for two years now...)David Marjanovićnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-69017604250755174932020-11-02T01:43:34.139+01:002020-11-02T01:43:34.139+01:00Thanks for all your time, effort and interest for ...Thanks for all your time, effort and interest for essential topics (and discussions). It was a perfect example about the pros for science blogging. I hope all of you would come back soon with a new blog-site (whatever the platform :)<br /><br />All the best!max.maronnahttps://www.blogger.com/profile/14561619786491687989noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-131707845479616372020-07-20T04:56:33.375+02:002020-07-20T04:56:33.375+02:00On the subject of aged-care homes in Sweden . . .
...On the subject of aged-care homes in Sweden . . .<br /><br />From The Wall Street Journal U.S. Edition Online<br />(posted June 18, 2020):<br /><br />"Coronavirus Is Taking a High Toll on Sweden’s Elderly. Families Blame the Government."<br /><br />(Subheadline: "Discontent is growing over official triage guidelines critics say too often deny elderly patients vital care.")<br /><br />URL: https://www.wsj.com/articles/coronavirus-is-taking-a-high-toll-on-swedens-elderly-families-blame-the-government-11592479430<br /><br />The newspaper protects its online content behind a "pay wall."<br /><br />On the "honor system" I am "sharing" with David's readers my online subscription sign-in information to access the article.<br /><br />Copy and paste the URL into a browser and a pop-up sign-in box will appear. <br /><br />Type in Username/Email address: WSJ.News4@gmail.com <br /><br />Type in password: 4digitalaccess <br /><br />Don't click on the SEND VERIFICATION EMAIL blue button.<br /><br />(I won't be monitoring my WSJ.News4@gmail.com account for in-bound messages.) <br /><br />Bypass it and DO click on the CONTINUE TO WSJ blue button.<br /><br />Voilà!Bob Henryhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/09099196210297757292noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-59210687731498650582020-07-03T19:21:33.550+02:002020-07-03T19:21:33.550+02:00What about languages that have internal rhyming, l...What about languages that have internal rhyming, like Breton or Welsh:<br />https://www.academia.edu/5788287/A_New_Rule_of_Middle_Breton_Internal_RhymeGuillaume Jacqueshttps://www.blogger.com/profile/00057915086735521613noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-78914645422745655292020-07-01T05:22:05.882+02:002020-07-01T05:22:05.882+02:00Thank you for investing time in helping to underst...Thank you for investing time in helping to understand phylogenetic networks. <br />Greetings from Argentina.Fernando Martín Alonsohttps://www.blogger.com/profile/01128168981368618299noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-44497737012417130432020-06-19T06:13:14.236+02:002020-06-19T06:13:14.236+02:00In a nutshell, my research indicates that Ferdinan...In a nutshell, my research indicates that Ferdinand II of Aragon and Maximilian were full-brothers and their nominal wives were their half-sisters. So, even at the top of the chart, the Habsburgs were flirting with maximal inbreeding.<br /> <br />The solution was to restore the status of a prince on the royal fringe. This took the form of John II of Portugal begrudgingly naming his "bastard cousin" as successor under the name of Manuel I of Portugal. This election bore immediate fruit as Manuel became father of the vigorous John III of Portugal. Back on the Austrian side of the fence, it was paralleled by Ferdinand’s adoption as the heir of Philip the Fair. Ferdinand became Holy Roman Emperor due to the infertility of Philip I, Charles V and Philip II. In my chart you can see the dramatic increase in fertility based upon the insertion of John III/Ferdinand (true son of the formerly suppressed Manuel/John of Austria). A future John of Austria (Don Juan of Spain) provided another boost in fertility, which is highlighted with black lines on my chart. Within only two or three generations his contribution also played out. Only one child of Maria Teresa (wife of Louis XIV) survived infancy. There was not a hard genetic reset by any means!<br /><br />Also in my chart, there are contributions from three of the four daughters of Isabella of Castile. Margaret Tudor, older sister of Henry VIII, also made a genetic contribution as the mother of James V of Scotland. Due to her fertility she was put forward as a candidate for 4th wife of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian. That didn't happen, however James V was quite possibly the true father of Mary Queen of Scots. That is the official relationship, but its still one that I find perplexing!<br /><br />The crux of the matter is that coefficients of inbreeding may be difficult to calculate, because at no point can we find a breeding pair that were unrelated to one another!DomainOfManhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/03074500378211398984noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-90180484788989803632020-06-17T05:21:18.683+02:002020-06-17T05:21:18.683+02:00Here's a link to a proposed "maximally in...Here's a link to a proposed "maximally inbred" Habsburg genealogy (path diagram):<br /><br />www.domainofman.com/A Habsburg Genealogy 2.png<br /><br />Despite how "busy" it is, I've placed the two major matriarchal lines of descent right down the middle. The purple is that of Maria of Aragon and the dark red is that of her sister Catherine of Aragon, two of the daughters of the famous couple Isabella and Ferdinand (of Christopher Columbus fame). <br /><br />During the 250 years covered by the chart (1430 -1680 AD), there were three attempts to inject "new blood" and all three involved a fringe prince named "John of Austria." The last of the three attempted to save the dynasty of Charles II/Carlos II, the subject of your article. The second John of Austria (Don Juan of Spain), the illegitimate son of Charles V of Spain, is the main subject of the Shakespeare plays. His male line took over with Ferdinand III of Austria, which would have been his grandson. The first John of Austria was born circa 1466 and corresponds to the "bastard" John of Gloucester in England. You know what they say: "Twice is a coincidence, three times is a habit" (lol).<br /><br />I've got much more confidence in the bottom half of the chart than the top half. The Fall of Constantinople had a ripple effect upon the various courts of Europe and makes it more difficult to trace. It is interesting, though, that Spain and Portugal became an epicenter of royal activity.DomainOfManhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/03074500378211398984noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-60161072948374693292020-06-14T17:54:24.624+02:002020-06-14T17:54:24.624+02:00You can add images only if they are hosted elsewhe...You can add images only if they are hosted elsewhere on the web. You do this by adding the URL between the [img] tag.David Morrisonhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05469392205239443608noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-29141712103807428752020-06-14T07:19:49.495+02:002020-06-14T07:19:49.495+02:00I'm working on a path chart for the Habsburgs,...I'm working on a path chart for the Habsburgs, at least the portion where we have good anecdotal data for determining actual family relationships. How do I paste a chart into the reply box?<br /><br />What I'm finding, though, is that the royal family avoided the consanguinity trap by having each royal female mate with every royal male. That means you can't easily locate a pair of ancestors that supplied ALL of the genetic material going forward. I didn't find even one case over a period of 200 years! This seems to have also allowed them to practice aggressive incest, but then recover. Occasionally, a "John" had to be brought into the pool, but I haven't found any cases where such a male was truly a commoner. For example, John of Austria (Don Juan of Spain) was a son of Charles V of Spain by the "entertainer" Barbara Blomberg. However, in reality, she was a fully pedigreed woman on the fringe of royalty, such as Christina of Denmark (later Duchess of Milan and Florence, who was all set to become queen consort of Henry VIII of England just prior to that king's excommunication).DomainOfManhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/03074500378211398984noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-55967934160100401862020-06-12T16:54:53.962+02:002020-06-12T16:54:53.962+02:00The point about a breeding pool being closed, even...The point about a breeding pool being closed, even if it is a rather large pool, is very significant. But, in the case of the royals, that pool was extremely small and they deliberately made it as small as possible as a dynasty progressed. And when they reached infertility, they only included "new blood" that was still quite closely related rather than "remote." Perhaps they were misguided into thinking this practice increased the chances of producing a genius. But, it obviously went beyond the idea of just "keeping it in the family." <br /><br />With regard to Charles II, there is really little point to calculating coefficients when you don't know the actual genealogy. I'll put together what his actual genealogy was and post it for you!<br /><br />With regard to Cleopatra, we don't have the mummies of her dynasty, so we can't make too many judgments about their defects and mortality rates. The mummy thought to be Arsinoe IV (from Ephesus) was clearly a servant who was killed in the place of her mistress. She was emulating the first Arsinoe, who we are told had a servant that was killed as her "double."DomainOfManhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/03074500378211398984noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-62512886367387849502020-06-12T09:06:25.956+02:002020-06-12T09:06:25.956+02:00The probabilities for paired recessive alleles ari...The probabilities for paired recessive alleles arising from inbreeding are discussed in the post on:<br />Consanguinity and incest can produce the same effects <br />http://phylonetworks.blogspot.com/2015/04/consanguinity-and-incest-can-produce.html<br />This provides a guideline for the genetic problems of consanguinity.<br /><br />The obvious reward for consanguinity was, and is, "keeping it in the family". Power is a powerful motive!David Morrisonhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05469392205239443608noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-55359623532535200002020-06-12T04:02:08.104+02:002020-06-12T04:02:08.104+02:00Microbiologist Jo Marchant wrote an excellent surv...Microbiologist Jo Marchant wrote an excellent survey of the controversial Amarna mummy DNA testing in "The Shadow King." Everyone hoped it would be conclusive, but it ended up raising as many questions as answers. Was it accurate? And if accurate, can exact relationships still be determined in a family that is highly/maximally inbred? Are the mummies really who we think they were? For example, did the KV55 mummy belong to Akhenaten, Smenkhkare or someone else? In the case of the labeled mummies, were some perhaps mislabeled after being looted in antiquity? For example, I have concluded that the mummy labeled Amenhotep III was actually Akhenaten, and the one currently thought to be the first Ramses (found in the Niagara Falls Daredevil Museum, of all places) is actually Amenhotep III! Fun, Fun, Fun.<br /><br />Something else to think about: Where are the mummies of the Seleucids and Ptolemies? The Roman Emperors were supposedly cremated, but I seriously doubt that. Also, the idea of dynasty and incest was culturally tolerated at times during the Roman Empire and completely unacceptable at other times. However, that only meant that the royal breeding model had to be more carefully disguised. They remained committed to it right up until the last century! It's quite a large data set, if we can ever tap into it.DomainOfManhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/03074500378211398984noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-33412571251581620882020-06-12T03:27:54.163+02:002020-06-12T03:27:54.163+02:00Thank you for pointing that out! I'll comment...Thank you for pointing that out! I'll comment separately on the Amarna royals, if I may.<br /><br />I do find it interesting that geneticists now think that moderate incest is not particularly dangerous from a biological perspective. Ironically, if the Habsburgs had limited the incest to what the genealogies show, they would have been alright. But, to produce a Charles II required pushing it to the very limit. And, they were prepared to just that, again and again, i.e., to end every dynasty in genetic flames! They must have felt there was some reward, which justified the disturbing means. They were even proud enough to document the process! (The founding of the Stewart Dynasty is very thoroughly encoded in Shakespeare's "The Two Noble Kinsmen." Please refer to my book chapter on that play.)DomainOfManhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/03074500378211398984noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-66559956389371595832020-06-11T20:55:50.258+02:002020-06-11T20:55:50.258+02:00The pedigree of the Amarna royals is discussed in ...The pedigree of the Amarna royals is discussed in the blog post on "Tutankhamun and extreme consanguinity":<br />http://phylonetworks.blogspot.com/2014/03/tutankhamun-and-extreme-consanguinity.htmlDavid Morrisonhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05469392205239443608noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-82248337760533040342020-06-06T17:06:59.845+02:002020-06-06T17:06:59.845+02:00When DNA results of the Amarna royals were publish...When DNA results of the Amarna royals were published, the degree of inbreeding was scandalizing, and to the point that many have dismissed those results as invalid.<br /> <br />It's not likely that access will ever be granted to collect DNA samples from the Habsburg crypt at El Escorial, but I think there is still much to be learned from studying the effects of royal inbreeding (and from a number of different disciplines and perspectives). Thanks for your courage in pursuing it! DomainOfManhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/03074500378211398984noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-35891923484162886002020-06-06T09:40:54.504+02:002020-06-06T09:40:54.504+02:00Yes, I presume that the reality is always more com...Yes, I presume that the reality is always more complex than it appears. The business of being "noble" must be tricky! Thanks for pointing out the history.David Morrisonhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05469392205239443608noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-28177057826704745632020-06-06T02:38:12.864+02:002020-06-06T02:38:12.864+02:00There has been little interest in determining just...There has been little interest in determining just how inbred the Habsburg royal family had become, so I found the work of Alvarez, et. al. to be groundbreaking. In my own study, it was concluded that the Habsburgs were far more inbred than even the official genealogies acknowledge.<br /><br />https://play.google.com/store/books/details/Charles_N_Pope_How_to_Read_Shakespeare_Like_a_Roya?id=a7A3DwAAQBAJ&hl=en<br /><br />The Shakespeare plays fully document the actual Habsburg genealogy. They essential employed a round-robin system of breeding in which every eligible royal female mated with every eligible male. Sister with half-brother and uncle with niece pairings were still very much in play, but disguised by the use of regional names. Little, if anything, had changed in the royal reproductive model since Ptolemaic times!<br />DomainOfManhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/03074500378211398984noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8386055846297828307.post-84991843901124521682020-05-11T22:06:49.979+02:002020-05-11T22:06:49.979+02:00My ultimate test will be Goethe and his "Faus...My ultimate test will be Goethe and his "Faust". But for modern rhymes in Mandarin (dialects), the network shows a similar structure. I think, this can have three reasons: a) all rhyme networks of Chinese and similar SEA languages are connected by and large, b) the Mandarin dataset is also reflecting a lot of dialect variation, c) rhyme networks are usually not connected, when coming from a homogeneous source, but they get connected, once one adds more. <br /><br />Ah, maybe there's a d) as well: this is language-specific, as not all languages give license to all kinds of rhymes, e.g. bisyllabic rhymes in German with one strong and one weak syllable should never be connected with the mono-syllabic rhymes. So rhyme practice may also play a key role. <br /><br />But this shows one of the things I am very curious about: if we start looking at rhyme networks from other languages and rhyming traditions: will the patterns change? I think, to some part, yes, but I am not sure about the bigger picture. Ultimately, I hope it could help us to push also our reconstruction of Old Chinese, but this is a long-term goal going beyond this series, of course...Johann-Mattis Listhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/12185355133399020406noreply@blogger.com